![]() Auguste de Lacroix, Les Français peints par eux-mêmes (The French Described By Themselves, 1842) explained: "The flâneur is to the badaud what the gourmet is to the glutton. The badaud was often contrasted with the flâneur. In his drawings and engravings from the 1890s, Félix Vallotton presented a taxonomy of Parisian street crowds, demonstrators, pedestrians, and bystanders. "For when the street has nothing to offer, the badaud always can rely on the Morgue, the Jardin des Plantes, the Père Lachaise Cemetery, and in a last resort, there are the street performers of the place de la Bastille, or the puppeteers of the Champs-Elysées." and when one of these Tituses of the pavement has seen nothing, observed nothing, he cries: I have lost my day!" This misfortune, we are told, rarely happens. "One is constantly jostled by a crowd of individuals who leave their houses each morning to kill time in city squares, intersections and on the boulevards they have ten hours to dispose of, and when they return home in the evening, they want to have something to recount: an accident, a poor devil who falls from a bus into the street or faints from hunger, an old dog drowned in the Seine, etc., etc. The Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle (1867) shows the badaud at work. "In Paris, everything becomes an event: a train of wood being floated down the river, two coaches running into each other, a man dressed differently from others, an armored car, a dog fight, if they are noticed by two people, there will soon be a thousand, and the crowd will always grow, until some other circumstance, just as remarkable, pulls it away." He described a wide variety of crowds in the city of Paris.Īn early nineteenth-century observer of the city, Victor-Joseph Étienne de Jouy, described badauderie as the one ineffable trait of the Parisian character. Louis-Sébastien Mercier (in 1782) noted that Parisians were often described as "perfect badauds," enraptured by any strange sight. There are badauds everywhere, but the first place has been given to those of Paris." They gather at the first unfamiliar sight, to contemplate a charlatan, or two women of the people arguing, or a driver whose cart has overturned. ![]() Half a century later, Voltaire wrote: "If the people of Paris are most readily described as badauds, it is only because there are more people in Paris than elsewhere, and consequently more useless people. "It is an insulting nickname that has been given to the inhabitants of Paris, for they gather and amuse themselves to see and admire everything they find in their path, provided that it seems out of the ordinary". Various explanations of the concept Honoré Daumier, Les Badauds, 1839Īntoine Furetière's Dictionnaire universel of 1690 defined the term and noted its association with Parisians. It is most frequently rendered in English as "gawker" or "bystander". From the 17th century and after, the term was associated with Parisians. ![]() The Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle (1867) defined the term in this way: "The badaud is curious he is astonished by everything he sees he believes everything he hears, and he shows his contentment or his surprise by his open, gaping mouth." The term came frequently to describe the crowds that gathered in the street at any remarkable sight. From the beginning the term described frivolous curiosity and ignorance. The term badauderie (though not frequently used) refers to the act of gathering in a street crowd or gawking.īadaud was in usage from the 16th century, if not earlier, a French adaptation of the old Provençal "badau". Like the flâneur, to which it has been frequently contrasted, the badaud has been construed as an emblematic figure of the modern, urban experience and of mass culture. It was an old inheritance, but was elaborated as an urban type in the eighteenth and nineteenth century to describe the street crowds that were an essential feature of the Parisian landscape. The term usually carries the connotation of idle curiosity, gullibility, simpleminded foolishness and gaping ignorance. The term badaud (plural: badauds) comes from the French and has the basic meaning of "gawker", or more neutrally, "bystander". The badaud is an important urban type from 18th and 19th-century French literature, one that has been adapted to explain aspects of mass culture and modern experience. French term for gawker or bystander Gérard Auliac, Le Badaud, 2002
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